Glioblastoma is one of the most common and aggressive forms of brain cancer, that starts as astrocytes in the brain and spinal cord. The cancer cells in glioblastoma tumours multiply quickly and increase their size rapidly. It is also known to spread towards other sections of the brain and spinal cords. Studies have found that in most cases this type of cancer affects adults and there are rare cases of children being affected.
Consulting with an oncology surgeon can provide accurate information regarding this cancer. If you are looking to go through oncology surgery, Siliguri has one of the most trusted doctors to consult with.
In this blog, we will delve into the symptoms, causes, and available treatment options for glioblastoma, to provide a clearer understanding of glioblastoma and its impact on patients' lives.
What are the symptoms of glioblastoma?
The following list consists of some symptoms faced by patients with Glioblastoma
- Headache (especially sharp headaches in the morning)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Cognitive decline
- Memory loss
- Behavioural changes
- Blurred vision or loss of peripheral vision
- Difficulties with balance and co-ordinations
- Reduced touch sensation
- Difficulties related to speech
- Weakness of muscles in the face legs and arms
- Seizures
What causes Glioblastoma?
The major causes of glioblastoma have not been found but there are several factors which can be considered. For oncology diagnosis or oncology surgery, Siliguri has many specialists who can provide you with a proper understanding of glioblastoma. Some of the causes often discussed are:
- Genetic Mutations
Genetic mutations can change certain genes which have control over the growth and division. Some of the most common mutations which enhance this tumour are caused due to the change in the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) gene and the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene.
- Inherited Genetic Syndromes
Although this cancer cannot be inherited, certain genetic syndromes can increase the risk of developing glioblastoma.
- Turcot Syndrome: This is a rare condition which combines colorectal cancer with brain tumours
- Neurofibromatosis Type 1: This disorder increases the risk of various tumours in different locations
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome: This is a rare disease caused by mutations in the TP53 gene.
- Age and Gender
Adults over the age of 50 are more prone to glioblastoma but it can happen at any age in rare instances. The risk of a brain tumour is said to increase with age, however, your gender can also play a role. Studies have found that men are slightly more prone to this cancer than women.
- Environmental factors
Researchers have also found that being exposed to certain chemicals, radiation or toxins can increase risks significantly.
- Head injury
Traumatic brain injuries can increase the potential for developing glioblastoma.
What are treatment options for Glioblastoma?
While there is no direct cure for glioblastoma, there are various treatment procedures which can help in managing the symptoms and improving the quality of life. The major goal of the treatments is to enhance and extend life. The major treatment options are
- Surgery
The major goal of surgery is to remove the mass of the tumour as much as they can, without damaging the healthy brain tissue. Due to the infiltrative nature of the tumor complete removal may not be possible. However, the reduction of the size can help them to relieve pressure and minimise symptoms such as headaches and seizures.
- Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy aims to target and kill any possible cancer cells and is recommended to be done after the surgical procedures. This treatment is done for several weeks and it can help slow the tumour growth and alleviate symptoms. The effect of the radiation therapy is temporary as glioblastoma tends to recur often.
- Chemotherapy
The goal of chemotherapy is to use drugs to kill cancer cells or to stop their growth. It is often recommended to be used along with radiation therapy, after surgery. One of the common drugs used during this therapy is Temozolomide, which is taken orally and is part of the standard treatment procedure.
In conclusion, Glioblastoma can be complex and varies from person to person which makes early detection and a personalized approach crucial. It is important to note however that during the treatment process, both medical and emotional support plays an essential role.
To get better information regarding oncology diagnosis or oncology surgery, Siliguri has one of the best surgical oncologists who can provide you with in-depth details about cancers like Glioblastoma.
